Characteristics of Macbeth and Lady Macbeth Essay Example for Free

Characteristics of Macbeth and Lady Macbeth Essay I am writing about the play called Macbeth. Macbeth is a play written by Shakespeare based on the lines of a true story, about Macbeth changing his whole personality throughout the play. He has many obstacles on his way up, from being king. Lady Macbeth, started in the play, very brave cunning and immoral, and felt that Macbeth was too moral and good-willed. She forced him to do many things in order for him to gain the title in the throne. As she helped him however, she became very self-conscious and ended up killing herself through guilt. At the beginning of the play, Macbeth was brave and loyal to king Duncan, and Duncan thought greatly of him. Duncan quoted Brave Macbeth- well he deserves that name in; act 1 scene 2. He also quoted The service and the loyalty I owe, / in doing it, pays itself. In act 1 scene 3. In these quotations, it shows that Macbeth is known as brave- even others think he is. He does not expect to be paid; he only does things for loyalty. This shows that he is moral, and is polite to everyone and is popular and liked by pretty much everyone around him. However, Lady Macbeth feels he is too nice for his own good. Macbeth had strong moral values, and never agreed to murder someone in order to get himself a claim in the throne. Lady Macbeth quoted do I fear thy nature, it is too full othmilk of human kindness, in act 1 scene 5. This is showing that Macbeths own wife thinks he is too kind to do anything evil- the milk represents that he is natural and pure of heart, whereas Lady Macbeth is not, she is evil. At the end of the play, Macbeth seems brave, but too brave, almost insanely brave. Lady Macbeth does end up persuading Macbeth to kill Duncan, which turns Macbeth evil, and makes his own plans on killing other people, in order to make him self the highest and the place on the throne. Macbeth says I have almost forgotten the taste of fears in act 5 scene 5. This shows him to be over confident and does not fear anything. The witches predictions, which appeared at the beginning of the play, and gave, correct predictions every time, said that Macbeth cannot be killed by any man born of woman and when Burnham wood comes to his castle. This makes him feel that he cannot be defeated. His wife, Lady Macbeth, commits suicide as she became so full of guilt, but when he found out, he seemed that he doesnt seem to care much about lady Macbeth as he says She should have died hereafterlifes but a walking shadow, a poor player/ That struts and frets his hour upon the stage in act 5 scene 5. This seems to indicate that he does not care about anyone besides himself, and that he is selfish. He compares life to being in a theatre, he doesnt think he is going to die, hes like the actor, and thinks he knows exactly what is going to happen next. However, Macbeth is very wrong, as he comes face to face with reality, as Macduff and his army come to Macbeths castle, and Macbeth is told that Macduff is not born from woman, but he was a caesarean. Macbeth then becomes slightly worried. Macbeth still puts on a strong hard battle, but Macduff defeats him. Lady Macbeth At the beginning of the play, Lady Macbeth was a lot stronger and evil than Macbeth. She was more like the man of them both, and she always tried to make Macbeth stronger. She said to Macbeth Unsex me here/ and fill me from the crown to the toe top full/ of direst cruelty. Here, she I trying to say, make me more manly- she is asking to be filled with cruelty, so she can make Macbeth to have the title of the throne. She is trying to show that she will do anything bad in order to fill her ambitions. She is not maternal. Lady Macbeth was very good at being misleading, as she acted innocent in front of Duncan, but behind his back, she was plotting to get Macbeth to murder him. She says to Macbeth, look like thinnocent flower, but be the serpent udert. She is saying to be like a deadly flower, looks innocent but will snap at any unpredictable and unexpected moment. The serpent represents evil and temptation; in which, Macbeth has to have. After Macbeth and herself finally murdered Duncan, she begins to feel very guilty and insecure. She had many nightmares of when she murdered Duncan. One night when she started sleep walking, in act 5 scene 1 she said what will the hands neer be clean?, she is still left with the stains of her actions. This shows her feminine side breaking through. She was being constantly reminded of when her hands were covered in blood; her dreams are showing her that she does not have a clean conscience. Lady Macbeth becomes very ill, and emotionally mental. She has many more nightmares, which shows a shadow of her old self. She quoted in one of her nightmares, Old damned spotHell is murky. Fie, my lord, fie, a soldier and afeared. She is here, cursing the blood; she now has anxiety over everything. She spoke in short sentences, showing her being not at all confident, creating a tense atmosphere. The use of repetition in questions to her husband when she slept talked showed her anxiety. Throughout the whole of this play, the two characters seemed to have almost switched placed. Macbeth grew courageous and confident after killing Duncan and felt he was undefeatable, while Lady Macbeth became disillusioned and emotionally mental, after her first murder encounter. Macbeth became too full of him self and felt he was immortal. The play created very tense and frightening atmospheres and had a strong storyline, which became clearer further on through the play.

Role of Nurse Practitioners in Reinventing Primary Care

Role of Nurse Practitioners in Reinventing Primary Care The Quality and Effectiveness of Care Provided by Nurse Practitioners Expanding the Role of Advanced Nurse Practitioners — Risks and Rewards Glaiza Lanuza The Role of Nurse Practitioners in Reinventing Primary Care (Mary D. Naylor and Ellen T. Kurtzman. 2010) The authors in this study acknowledge that Nurse Practitioners are the fundamental category of advanced practice nurses yielding immediate care in the United States in the primary setting. Out of the 2.9 million nurses that the country produces substantially in the past decades, eight percent of which are APRNs, and roughly 70-80 percent work in the primary care setting (Mary D. Naylor and Ellen T. Kurtzman, 2010). They reconsidered the current and projected nurse practitioner workforce. There is a proportionate surge of NPs in the populace which they projected to flourish by an average of 9 percent per annum. Also, they considered the critical points of the available indication of NPs significant addition in ameliorating primary care and decreased utilization of health resources through two methodologies- literature review and study findings (Mary D. Naylor and Ellen T. Kurtzman, 2010). Literature Review They distinguished a policy review that was conveyed by the RAND Corporation. The said inquiry hypothesized that the usual expenditure of nurse practitioner or physician assistant visit is 20–35 percent less than the regular cost of a physician appointment. With that data, they predict aggregate savings of up to $8.4 billion between years 2010 to 2020 (Mary D. Naylor and Ellen T. Kurtzman. 2010). Study Findings The congressional Office of Technology Assessment (OTA) pioneered two autonomous scrutinies of non-physician providers in the United States (Mary D. Naylor and Ellen T. Kurtzman. 2010). The OTA recapitulated that, within their scope of practice, NPs deliver quality of care same of that contributed by physicians. In conclusion, with the remarkable affirmations of NPs augmentation of high-value primary care, they proposed that nurse practice acts or state laws- be institutionalized and be less restrictive, to equalize payments and to increase nurse’s accountability. This article speaks highly of Nurse Practitioners in their cognizance of the pivotal role NPs play in the future of health care as primary care providers; thus, putting them in the vanguard of administering preventative care to the public. Research Article 2 The Quality and Effectiveness of Care Provided by Nurse Practitioners (Stanik-Hutt et al., 2013) The study put scrutiny on evidences regarding the repercussion of nurse practitioners (NPs) in comparison with physicians (MDs) on three key points: health care condition, safety, and efficacy (Stanik-Hutt et al., 2013). Health Care Quality In the analytic inquiry of patient care in three settings such as, primary, outpatient surgical and inpatient environment, they ascertained that the patient satisfaction with care of NPs was similar to that associated with care from MDs. Moreover, in some reports, they discovered that patients were more satisfied with the care rendered by NPs. Safety Patient safety is affected by a myriad of factors such patient, healthcare setting and practitioner. They claimed that the mortality was the only safety outcome they can consider as a probable composite in this study. Effectiveness NP care effectiveness was linked to similar MD care effect though not better blood pressure and blood glucose regulation. Additionally, they correlated NP care with better serum lipid control. The authors used four methodologies in this research such as data sources and searches, study selection, data retrieval and quality assurance and data organization and inquiry. In the end, results for NPs compared to MDs (or teams without NPs) are proportionate or more sophisticated for all the sequelae recognized. In the primary care context, they laid evidences suggesting superior lipid control in patients cared for by NPs. Furthermore, noteworthy studies demonstrated that optimum well-being, physical function, count of patients’ emergency stays and hospital encounters; blood sugar, vital signs, and mortality have been positively linked to NPs and MDs (Stanik-Hutt et al., 2013). Nurse Practitioners play an integral part in the nation’s dynamic healthcare system. Apart from being one of the most lucrative and beneficial option that the populace can elicit, their patient care, yield impressive outcomes in terms of quality, safety, and effectiveness. Expert Opinion Article Expanding the Role of Advanced Nurse Practitioners — Risks and Rewards (Iglehart, 2013) This article discusses the 2014 extension of coverage decreed by The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (PPACA). Furthermore, it also chronicles as to how health professionals, lawmakers, and consumers will grapple with an expected intensification of patient claim for benefits and assistance (State of Rhode Island: Health Care Reform Commission). Also, the author presented its’ risks, rewards and solutions. Risks According to the report of The Association of American Medical Colleges (Iglehart, 2013), by year 2015 the country might have to address a deficit of an estimated 33,000 care providers and around 30,000 other consultants. Also, the Institute of Medicine (IOM) identified that the rigorous nurse practice state laws serve as impediments to accessible care. Rewards The author cited myriad of evidences in the nursing discourses that render support for the scientific achievement of NPs. One is the recent systematic study that bestowed NPs distinction for delivering safe, efficient, exceptional care. He, also emphasized, APRNs, in conjunction with physicians and other caregivers will need to progress with best current evidences and major synergistic frameworks of care strategies. Solutions Economist, David Auerbach, conferred that growth in nurse practitioner statistics is one answer to alleviating the inadequacy of primary care providers. IOM reiterated that the federal government should find a way to have profound interest and action in the standardization of reforms for health care pursuit especially that of Advanced Practice Nurses. He also made into account the Agreement between Nurse Leaders and Physician Officers on collaboration between professionals, in which they were empathic on eradicating the shipmaster notion, rather, regarding clienteles as champions of their care (Iglehart, 2013). The methodologies that he used in this article are study findings and systematic review. In summary, despite the hurdles that the healthcare system might face, the author was positive about the theme of this research article for he is optimistic about situational leadership. In my viewpoint, nursing leaders and health policymakers need to be mindful in designing a health care system that delivers high-quality care at reasonable cost to improve results, effectiveness, efficacy, and costs. Ultimately, the patients and their families are the be-all and end-all of primary care. They deserve an unparalleled provision of care. References Mary D. Naylor and Ellen T. Kurtzman. 2010. The Role of Nurse Practitioners in Reinventing Primary Care. Health Affairs, 29, no.5 893-899. Retrieved from http://content.healthaffairs.org/content/29/5/893.full Julie Stanik-Hutt, Robin P. Newhouse, Kathleen M. White, Meg Johantgen, Eric B. Bass, George Zangaro†¦ Jonathan P. Weiner. (2013, September). The Quality and Effectiveness of Care Provided by Nurse Practitioners. The Journal for Nurse Practitioners, 9(8), 492-500.E13. Retrieved from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nurpra.2013.07.004 John K. Iglehart. (2013, May). Expanding the Role of Advanced Nurse Practitioners — Risks and Rewards. The New England Journal of Medicine 368:1935-1941. doi: 10.1056/NEJMhpr1301084 State of Rhode Island: Health Care Reform Commission. Retrieved from http://www.healthcare.ri.gov/faq/answers.php

Financial Statements Analysis In Making Investment Decisions Finance Essay

Financial Statements Analysis In Making Investment Decisions Finance Essay During the financial crisis in 2008, the world witnessed the bankruptcies of leading firms such as Lehman Brothers or Washington Mutual. These collapses caused the losses of many shareholders and stock investors and raised the importance of financial analysis in investment. This project looks at the necessity of financial statement analysis in investment decision making with an emphasis on how to use it to reveal potential risks. Introduction One of the most important long-term decisions for any business is investment with the aim of making gains in the future. Investment decisions are concerned with the use of funds including buying, holding or selling and each decision could be vital to a firm. A careless decision may result in a long-term loss or even worse, bankruptcy. Therefore, an in-depth understanding and analysis is necessary for a high quality investment decision process. This is also even more critical to investors who invest in stock of company or shareholders. Financial statement analysis is critical in making effective stock investment decisions. By study the balance sheet, income statement, cash flow statement and statement of owners equity separately and combined, an analyst might have a good sense of a companys overall financial picture; therefore, the investment decisions are likely to be reasonable and profitable. I. Understanding of financial statements analysis In order to understand the analysis of financial statements, it is necessary to define financial statements. According to Fabozzi (2003), financial statements are summaries of the operating, financing and investment activities of a business. These reports provide information to both investors and creditors in making credit, investment, and other business decisions. In other words, financial statements might be used as a tool to predict a companys future earnings. There are four basic financial statements including: the balance sheet, the income statement, the statement of cash flows and the statement of shareholders equity. Firstly, the balance sheet is a summary of the assets, liabilities and equity of a business at a particular time. Assets include the resources of an enterprise that are used to generate profits. Therefore, if a company owns assets, the company can expect them to produce cash inflows in the future. Take for example, cars of a taxi company will be used in order to serve customers and gain income to the company. Liabilities are obligations of the business, or in other words, the commitments to creditors in the form of future cash outflows. Another factor is Equity, which reflects ownership. This means equity represents the part of a firms value that is not owed to creditors and therefore is left over for the owners. Thus, equity is the difference between assets and liabilities. Another part of financial statements is income statement, which is a summary of the revenues and expenses of a business over a period of time. Therefore, it shows both the results of the firms operating and financing decisions during that time, and people can also call this as the profit and loss statement. Thirdly, statement of cash flows is a summary over a period of time of a firms cash flows. This statement lists separately its operating cash flows, investing cash flows, and financing cash flows. The last main part of financial statements is the statement of shareholders equity. This provides additional information about equity including the amounts and changes in equity accounts; thus, it is considered as a link between the balance sheet and the income statement. Apart from the four main parts, the financial statements include notes in order to give additional information to readers. The first notes summaries the companys accounting policies such as methods of inventory accounting, methods of depreciation and foreign currency translation. Depending on each company, then there may be additional notes providing, for example, information on mergers or acquisitions. Financial statement analysis is a process that examines past and current financial date for the purpose of evaluating performance and estimating future risks and potential. II. What influences the making of Investment decision? In order to understand how financial report analysis affects investment decisions, it is important to understand the main contributing factors of making an investment decision. According to Cahill (2003), the investment decision making bases on assessing the sectors prospects, assessing the companys prospects and evaluating the value of company. A sectors prospects, which are dependent upon the supply/ demand, pricing and cost trends within the industry, provide information to analyze a companys prospects in more details. Meanwhile, the analysis of the prospects for the company is based on four drivers including management and strategy, performance and returns, financial positions and outlook for earnings. The combination of these factors determines the value put on a companys share. After analyzing the numbers and the four factors, it is important to evaluate those numbers with some approaches such as price/earning. As it can be seen clearly, financial statements are essential source of information in analyzing companys prospects and in evaluating companys value. Therefore, it is safe to assume that financial statements analysis is important in the making of investment decision. III. The influences of financial statements analysis on investment decision 1. Financial ratio analysis and its effect Financial ratio is one of the most important tools of financial analysis. In financial ratio analysis, the relevant information that will be processed is primarily from the financial statement data. A ratio is a mathematical relation between two quantities, in this case is from financial statements. Generally, by using financial ratios, investors can evaluate five aspects of operating performance and financial conditions including return on investment, liquidity, profitability, activity and financial leverage. With return on investment ratios, analysts compare measures of benefits, such as net income or earning before interest and taxes, with measures of investment in order to evaluate how well the firm uses its sources in its operations. Thus, analysts could consider increasing their investment into the firm if its ratio of net income to total assets is larger than other firms in the same sector. Moreover, not only compare current figures, investors might compare a firms current ratio with its ratio in the past so that they could have a view of how well the firm operate in the recent period of time. On the other hand, investors can assess the companys liquidity, which is the ability to meet the short-term obligations using current assets, by several ways including current ratio, quick ratio or net working capital to sales ratio. Take for example, a ratio of current assets to current liabilities will provide information about the comparison between assets that can be readily turn in to cas h and obligations that are due in the near future. In other words, by calculating this ratio, people might know the ability of a company to satisfy obligation due in the near future; therefore, they could have an valuable information about the safety of investing in that company. As it can be seen clearly, the higher a firms liquidity is, the more secure the investment is. Moreover, professional investors even extend their analysis skill by adding profitability ratios, which help them gauge how well a firm is managing its expenses. With detailed information in financial statements, investor can select and use different profitability ratio in each case. For example, suppose an analyst wants to evaluate how well production facilities are managed, it is reasonable to focus on the comparison between gross profit, which is a measure of income that is direct result of production management, and sales. This ratio shows the portion of each dollar of sales that remains after deducting production expenses; hence, the analyst might evaluate the firms ability to manage expenses. In general, it would be unwise to invest in a company that cannot control its expenditures appropriately (Akintoye, 2009). Apart from above ratios, activity ratios can be used to evaluate the benefits produced by specific assets; thus, they would be useful in specific circumstances. For instance, a ratio of cost of goods sold to inventory provide information about how quickly a firm has used inventory to generate the goods and services that are sold. Another kind of ratios is financial leverage ratio, which is used to assess how much financial risk the firm has taken on. These ratios are essential to evaluate the safety of investment decision to that company. Although financial ratio analysis help analysts in evaluating a firms operations, risk and potential returns so that they can decide to invest in the firms securities or not, this analysis cannot tell the whole story and must be used with care due to some limitations such as interpretation of the ratios or accounting data. 2. Earning analysis In order to give out a right investment decision, investors have to forecast the market value of firms securities, or in other words, forecast a companys cash flows in the future. However, this is difficult and as an alternative, investors examine the historical and current relation between stock price and some fundamental factors. In many cases, the factor is used to estimate the value of securities is earnings. Earnings are varying in different circumstances; therefore, it is common to use different approaches depend on real case. For example, if an investor is evaluating the performance of a companys operations, the focus is likely on the operating earnings of the company the earnings before interest and taxes. Generally, earning analysis is usually referred to the amount of earning per share of stock. In this case, the EPS (earnings per share), which shows how much on each share is earned by the firm in a given accounting period, is widely used. A firm with high EPS seems to be a profitable firm and is worth to invest in; thus, EPS can play a significant role in investment decision making. However, earnings can be adjusted by the firm itself and in fact, there are pressures that force the firm to adjust its earnings such as meeting analyst forecast or meeting shareholders expectation. In particular, earnings can be manipulated using a number of devices including the selection of inventory method and the selection of depreciation method. The pressure to report constantly increasing earnings may also result in wrong earning report. For example, Leslie Fay showed increasing earnings in 1990 and 1991, even though its business was not that excellent (Fabozzi, 2003). Therefore, similar to using financial ratios analysis, earning analysis should be done with most careful attitudes. 3. Cash Flow analysis According to Fabozzi (2003), cash flow play an important role in valuation and help analyst calculate the current value of a company base on the present value of its expected future cash flow. Moreover, understanding cash flow allows an investor to assess the ability of a firm to maintain current dividends and its current capital expenditure policy without relying on external financing. Currently, a firm reports its cash flows on the statement of cash flows using either the direct method, which is reporting all cash inflows and outflows, or the indirect method, which is adjustment the net income with depreciation and other noncash expenses. By looking at the relations among cash flow from operations, cash flow from investing activities and cash flow from financing activities, an analyst could have a overview of the firms activities. For example, a young fast growing company is likely to have a negative cash flows from operation and a positive cash flows from financing activities because the company rely on external financing. Examination of the sources of cash flows, especially over time, gives analysts a general idea of the companys operations. For instance, PG, which is a mature firm, has a consistent cash flow. Moreover, cash flow information may help the analyst identify companies that may encounter financial difficulties. A clear example of this case is W.T. Gr ant company during 1966-1974 with no definite clues of bankruptcy that were showed on profitability ratio, turnover ratio and liquidity ratios. However, a study of cash flows from operations clearly revealed that company operations were causing an increasing drain on cash (Fabozzi, 2003). For above reasons, cash flow analysis is an essential part of making investment decision. Conclusion Financial analysis is the basis for investment and financing decisions and the basic data for this analysis is the financial statement data. This data can be used to analyze the relationships between different elements of a firm in order to provide an overview as well as an in-depth view of companys operation and financial condition. Moreover, by looking at the calculated financial ratios, in the connection with economic data, investor can make judgments about past and future financial performance and conditions. Besides, earnings analysis and cash flow analysis may provide even more detailed information about the firm, and also help investor to see potential risk. Therefore, it is safe to assume that financial statement analysis play an irreplaceable role in making investment decisions.

An Argument in Opposition of Education Vouchers Essay -- Voucher Schoo

An Argument in Opposition of Education Vouchers Why would anyone wish to withhold support for a program that has the potential to revolutionize the, often, insufficient American education system? This question has undoubtedly entered the mind of proponents of education voucher systems across the country. However, despite the pressure placed on legislators everywhere, close scrutiny of the real issues should not be clouded by public fervor. It is my belief that, after a thorough examination of the merits of such programs, school vouchers would be a gross detriment to both the American education system and the nation itself. In an education voucher system, students are given "vouchers" for the tuition of any private or public school that accepts transfer students. Parents must pay the remainder of the tuition of the school to which they send their child if it exceeds the maximum amount of the voucher, which is usually around $3000. While the specifics of these programs vary, these statements hold true for the only two voucher programs currently in effect, in Cleveland and Wisconsin. Paramount of issues at hand is that of the constitutionality of voucher programs. The Establishment Clause prohibits a state religion and guarantees all the freedom to practice whatever religion they should desire. The Supreme Court, along with many lower courts, has held the Establishment Clause to mean also that neither federal, state, or local governments may support a religion, including financially. Voucher programs represent direct state financial support to private, often parochial schools. In fact, even the checks in Cleveland's program, while addressed to the parents, are currently mailed to the school first. Proponents of voucher ... ...ooking to be eligible for addition money. Some political leaders are also supporting voucher programs to please constituents who are, by no fault of their own, looking for immediate solutions to the problems they face. However, our society must be careful not to "bandage" the problem, but instead to fix it. The improvements made by public schools should not be discounted, either. While there are certainly schools and school districts that remain very troubled those administrators and schools boards are not standing idly by. There are continuous improvements in such schools, and there needs to be even more. Taking money from them when efforts are being made to improve their condition will clearly on hinder such improvement. Private schools are and should remain an option for all parents, but our society mustn't waver when it comes to supporting our public schools.

Age-Related Vision Loss and Driver Safety Issues :: Optometry Vision Sight Driving Essays

Age-Related Vision Loss and Driver Safety Issues With dramatic increases in the number of motor vehicles on public roadways in this century, driving safety is an issue that affects every one of us. Most Americans rely on the use of personal motor vehicles as their primary means of transportation, and must put themselves at risk every day. The risk of a motor vehicle accident increases when our perceptive skills are degraded in any way. Such is the case with alcoholic intoxication, impairment from the use of narcotics, and loss of perceptual accuracy due to any biological reason. One of the many issues in current debate with regards to motor vehicle safety is that of the growing numbers of elderly drivers on public roadways and the perceptual problems they may encounter with age. Age-related vision loss is becoming a more prevalent issue in roadway safety. Most states require a simple form of vision testing in order to become a licensed driver. These tests are rapidly being seen as inadequate, and in need of revision. Some state s do not at all require a vision test to become licensed to drive. Currently, the states not requiring vision tests for license renewal include: Alabama, Connecticut, Kentucky, Mississippi, New Jersey, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, Tennessee, Vermont, and West Virginia. These states could cut the accident rate in people over age 60 by 12 percent, if they would simply utilize testing procedures (N.S., 1999). In this paper, issues facing the aging driver, and possible solutions to ensure safe roadways for the public as a whole, will be explored. The average driverà ­s age is steadily increasing. Census estimates show that by the year 2020, approximately 50 million people over the age of 65 will be eligible to drive on public roadways (Cobb & Coughlin, 1998). With a significant increase in the number of people likely to be affected by age-related vision loss, society may need to re-evaluate vision standards for license testing. It is standard practice for a motor vehicle bureau to test only visual acuity. This practice does not take into consideration perceptually impairing factors encountered in driving such as glare or fog (Voelker, 1999). The lack of adequate visual testing is commonplace in all states that test vision ability. It has been found however, states that at least test for visual acuity during license renewal have approximately 12 percent less automobile accident deaths among older drivers (Voelker, 1999).

Professional Practice in Early Years Settings Essay

1.1 Explain how the range of early years settings reflects the scope and purpose of the sector The range of Early Years Settings reflects on the requirements of parents and families for their children. Some parents want care for their children so that they can return to work, some may want to stay with their children while they socialise, some may want their children in a setting which offer services aimed at learning, whilst some may want their children to be in a home based environment and some families cannot afford to pay fees for provision. This is why the |Early Year’s sector has various forms of provision to meet the needs of families. Provision include Nurseries, child minders, pre-schools, crà ¨ches, children’s centres and parent and toddler groups. 2.1 Identify current policies, frameworks and influences on the early years There are various policies in place which each setting is required to follow. There are five basic policies of good practice, Equality and Diversity Rights and responsibilities Confidentiality Promote anti discrimination, effective communication. There is also the Childcare Act 2006 were Child minders and childcare providers registered on the Early Years Register must meet the legal requirements set out by this act. The legal requirements you must meet for the safeguarding and welfare and the learning and development of young children are set out in the Statutory Framework for the Early Years Foundation Stage. There is the EYFS Framework which was put into place to ensure every child is given the best possible start in life and to ensure every effort is made ensure a child has equal opportunities to learn in a safe and secure environment. There is also the Foundation Stage, The Birth to Three Matters Framewor k and the National Standards for Under 8s Daycare and Childminding, to which are replaced by the EYFS. There is also the Every Child Matters Framework. The education act introduced free childcare provisions for under-fives and since September 1st 2010 this rose from 12 and a half hours a week to 15 hours a week. 2.2 Explain the impact of current policies, frameworks and influences on the early years sector The purpose and impact of current policies, frameworks and influences on the Early Years sector is about connecting everyone  together as a whole. By having policies and frameworks in place it ensures the safety and welfare of the children. Children are now able to play, engage in and express themselves freely and are being heard. With all groups linked together, working with the same child will mean that the child will learn more effectively. Information is encouraged to be shared with the children and families. Whatever their backgrounds, all children and families are now given the access to affordable quality childcare. 2.3 Describe what is meant by evidence-based practice and give examples of how this has influenced work with children in their early years Evidence based practise is a setting which is influenced by objective evidence gained from research. Professional practices require you to keep up to date with researched findings and to consider how these can be applied to your own setting. An example of how research has influenced work with children is The Effective Provision of Pre-School Education (EPPE) which is a comprehensive report which investigated the effects of pre-school provision, its findings found that children who had attended early years provision were more likely to have better cognitive, social and behaviour skills when they started formal education than those who had no early years provision. EPPE also confirmed the value of early learning through ‘play’ especially from low-income families. Key Elements of effective practice (KEEP) is another example. This documen t emphasises that effective learning in children is dependent on secure relationships. Learning through play and forming secure relationships are both key elements to the EYFS. 4.1 Explain the importance of reviewing own practice as part of being an effective practitioner It is important to review your own practice to enable opportunities to evaluate and reflect on your own work. Reflecting on practice will help to see where changes need to be made and also note if errors have been made and how to rectify them and ensure the same errors are not repeated. To reflect on practice, as a setting you need to be able to provide constructive criticism, question actions and see whether what you are doing is working or whether there is room for improvement. Reflecting on your practise will help you to have a clearer picture of what you actually do within your work role and what is expected of you, and to ensure you are  meeting the required standards. 4.2 Undertake a reflective analysis of own practice Through working with 0-2 year olds it has provided me with opportunities and experience to acknowledge children’s needs by finding ways to communicate through body language. By having opportunities to extend by knowledge via different courses has allowed me to extend my knowledge. Although I have gained a great deal of experience with deal with behaviour and leaning to different forms of discipline, I would like to learn more and extend my knowledge and experience. 4.3 Develop strategies to deal with areas of difficulty and challenge encountered in professional practice in early years setting One of the main difficulties a setting comes across is how to deal with a child that may have difficulties with their behaviour, and how to approach the child’s parents. The first strategy would be to follow the setting’s policy on behaviour and monitor the situation. It may be necessary to approach the parent’s and try and work together. It may be useful to explain the settings policies and strategies to the child’s parents to enable them to carry out the same strategies at home.

Dark Knight Literary Analysis

There is no doubt in my mind my argument will be convincing in this case. When one searches for the definition of herd' In the dictionary, one finds definitions of the term such as: â€Å"a man of distinguished courage or ability, admired for his brave deeds and noble qualities. † , â€Å"the principal male character in a story, play, film, etc. â€Å", and â€Å"a person who, in the opinion of others, has heroic qualities or has performed a heroic act and is regarded as a model or ideal†.If you are familiar with Batman, you would already be nodding your head in approval of my premise, but as a sign of respect to Christopher Nylon's trilogy and for points In the AP English Language class this essay will be more horrors In Its analysis. It will be deeper, In a literary way. You haven't read everything. Not everything, not yet. The story of a hero must be one of rebirth and the overcoming of obstacles. All the major pop-culture heroes we know and love have been through it. Neo was awoken from his matrix-induced slumber to face the real world.He had to embrace the fact he was the One, and that he had the power to free mankind from the machines. Tactics Finch fought racism while fighting for his client in the times of blatant discrimination In Batman's case. His whole life was filled with tragic obstacles. HIS arenas were murdered when he was barely a child in front of him, which left him without any technical family to nurture him. But in light of his father's words after he witnessed great fear in a well: â€Å"Why do we fall? So we can learn to pick ourselves back up. â€Å", he did, in fact, pick himself up.Bruce Wayne was convinced Gotcha was full of corruption, crime and evil, but that the problem had a solution. The well Bruce fell In as a child worked perfectly as a metaphor for the trilogy throughout. In that well he faced what would first become his biggest fear, to then become his symbol and tool to becoming powerful. In his quest for b ecoming a new version of himself that could effectively fight crime he met Era's AY Ghoul, who taught him the ways of physical combat and most importantly how to strike fear in the mind of his enemies by first embracing his own darkness and fear.As a result the symbol of the bat becomes a prominent motif or identity In the story. We can see It in his nightmares, his cave and, of course, his suit. Later In the series we witness another rebirth of the main character. This time it's less Bruce Wayne who is being reborn, and more Batman. After taking the blame for Harvey Dent's wrongdoings, the injured and exhausted Batman disappears from Gotcha. And so does Bruce Wayne from his company and from the eye of the media. Once the new, unstoppable Bane becomes terrorizing Gotcha Batman tries once more to restore the order in his city but falls.Bane beats him half to death and leaves him In his former prison to rot and watch Gotcha burn afraid of losing Gotcha. In this situation he has to fin d strength in himself in order to live, escape the depths of the prison and ultimately save his city from Bane's nuclear bomb. In his escape, a clear reference to the well of his childhood is made. A well that signifies both the embrace of one's fears and rebirth. During his ascension to freedom Bruce recollects the words formerly mentioned by his dead father. Mentors are crucial in a heroic Journey. They shape the character of the hero and teach him the ways of heroism.They usually deliver words of wisdom that can be become anyone's motto. Among them we can find Tumbledown, You'd, Magic and Hammiest. Bruce Wane's Journey is positively endowed with mentors. The most obvious option would be his father, commonly any boys role model. His life was short, and his company to Bruce even more, but his presence endured the test of time. His strong words clearly rang in his son's mind for the rest of his life. Thomas Wayne was a rich man, who loved his family. He was a philanthropist who beli eved in peace. His last words to Bruce were â€Å"Bruce, don't be afraid. â€Å", and in retrospect these are words he strongly lived by.Another mentor of Wayne is Henry Ducal, Era's AY Ghoul. It was this man who drove Bruce to becoming Batman, he challenged him to embrace his fears. Ducal trained him to become the machine of crime-fighting he later becomes when he faces the Joker. Ducat's presence in the story is brief, but without him Bruce Wayne wouldn't have found Batman in himself. Bruce Wayne encounters this darkness and embraces it, but he struggles to find his balance. This brings up the final, and most important mentor in his life, Alfred Pennyworth. Alfred job is to butler for Bruce, but he represents much more than any of that.Alfred was there for Bruce after his parents were murdered and took care of him. Alfred provides wisdom to Bruce when he needs it, he is a fountain of life lessons because of his travels and age. Alfred holds the memories of what the Wayne family was before Brace's parents died. He speaks in the way Brace's father did to him as a child, reminding him of what his father taught him to stand up for. When Batman is pushed up against the ropes when trying to figure out what the Joker wants, Alfred helps out with a memorable quote. â€Å"Well, because he thought it was good sport. Because some men aren't looking for anything logical, like money.They can't be bought, bullied, reasoned, or negotiated with. Some men Just want to watch the world burn. â€Å", with these words, Wayne gains insight on who he is facing. After this, he understands The Joker Just wants to bend Batman's rules. Finally, the most notorious asset of a hero is his sacrifice for others. This can be presented as material or emotional. Heroic sacrifices are classical. Like Gangland the Grey first death as he fights the fierce Balboa to let the rest of the Fellowship flee or when the T-800 had himself lowered into the pit of molten metal to save humanity from fut ure terminators in the end of Terminator.